Road illumination



.lune 26, 1928. 1375,236

c. D. TURNER ROAD ILLUMINATIN Filed April 29, 1927 W @Litoral/Mr Patented June 26, 19.28. i x *i UNITED ,STATES ENit"v FFCE.

CLARK D. TURNER, OF FORT MORGAN, COLORADO, ASSVIGNOB, "10 TURNER MANUFAC- TUBING CO., OF DENVER,V COLORADO, A CREGRATON OF COLORADO.

ROAD ILLUMINATION.

, appiieationvfuea 'Am-ii 2.9, i927. seriai no. 187,604.

This invention relates to road ill'uminamal, a vehicle, or any obstruction, in the tion, and particularly embodies certain novel avoidance of accidents Otherwise of likely equipment for vvehicle headlights, of the prooccurrence, and this whether or not the lights jector type, functioning in the manner -orffor of an approaching vehicle are equipped with 5 the purposeshereinatter appearing. the present improvements. In a measure, 60 lWhen driving an automotive vehiclev and therefore', it may be said that the protection in passing a brilliant lig it projected from is primarily designed for the driver and octhe opposite direction, such for instance as cupants ofthe'vehicle equipped with the im-Y from the -lieadlights ot' an approaching veproveniente, as Well as to prevent damage to hicle or a stationary one for that matter, that vehicle itself, but, as incidental thereto, 65 Y there becomes for you a temporary period of prepor'tionate protection inures all around.' darkness just before and While you are pass- A further object has been to provide such ing said other light and momentarily there means, as. aforesaid, that will additionally after, an absolute Wall of darkness in the function to relieve the glare from the head# y road ahead ot you as it were, and so much lights, of the vehicle itself, equipped With 7o so in fact that you cannot distinguish during the improvements, which arek commonly that period even the vehicle you are passing, known as dimmers or anti-glare devices, and i nor anything at all in the road ahead,`even the purposes of which are Well understood. on your own side ofthe road, until after you The foregoing and other objects and adhave passed that other light,'because the rays vantages,however, .Will more clearly appear 75 -from the headlights of your ovvn vehicle do Vas incidental to the following disclosure, and not seem to penetrate, and certainly do not with these outlining remarks, therefore, ref-l dissipate said appearing Wall of darkness. @Teme Will new be had to ythe accompanying I am not prepared at this time to posdrawings, illust-ratingY a practical emboditively state the, exact reasons for this. It ment ot the improvements, in Which draW- s0 may be becausev` you are passing from a lugs e highly illuminated Zone into a darkened one, Flgurc l is a fragmentary Jfront eleva- When your eyes would have t0 become ae- 'tional view ot an automobile, the headlights customed yto the changed conditionbefore `oi which are equipped with my improveseeing all objects clearly, `or it may be that ments; Figure 2 is a plan view of the same, S5 the rays from the bright lights of the other but With the headlights in horizontal secf-ar quash or blanket, as it were, the' rays tion to show the improvements in top edge f from the lights ot'your oWn car, but at any plan as contained therein; and Figure 3 is event that heretofore impenetrable Wall of an enlarged perspective vienTv 'ot a practical darkness temporarily arises in the road form oit' the improvements kas applied to the 90 ahead of you. with a tog-like opaqueness, and electric lamp bulb of one of said headlights, is not only a source of extreme annoyance the said lamp bulby and its" socket lbeing but is also a cause of great danger which not `shown in dotted outline. f .infrequently results in serious accidents, In' the general illustration, the numeral 5 4o especiallywhen driving at relatively high' indicates the automobiles engine hood, 6 the 95 speed along a sparselylighted road or highforward Wheel tenders, 7 the outer casings way. of the headlights, 8 the usual inner casings Accordingly, an importantv objectof my "or main reflectors of parabola form, and 9 invention has been to devise simple, economthe lenses for the headlights. My improve- 3.15 ical and facilely attachable and detachable ments, for convenience, preferablymay be 100 means, applied in association with a vehicle supported as carried by the electric lamp bulb I projector light, that will eectively and at sockets which are indicated at 10, and l1 inall times maintain the road ahead as subdicates the electric lamp bulbsthemselves. stantially illuminated, for eliminating the p ln carrying out myy invention, I employ said temporarily darkened period lwhen 'an auxiliary element embodying asa unit a 105 closely Vapproaching and passing 'an yoppocombined reiiector and electric lamp 'bulb sitely projected bright light, whereby a screen orshielding mask that is suitably driver of an automobile may at all timesbe mounted Within the headlight but in certain ablek ttx clearly distinguish anyl object in the, deiinite yrelation to the electricalilamp bulb Y 'reed ahead, 'whether it be a person., an aint therein, that is te as upstanairg er vere ria suitable tically disposed at a position inwardly terminating approximately at the major axis of said lamp bulb and in close proximity to or substantially tangential of the central front face of said lamp bulb, and being so fixedly mounted as to at all times rigidly extend forwardly and laterally, substantially across one side portion only of the headlight or its lens, at an appropriate angle relatively to the major axis of the electric lamp bulb. The said appropriate angle should be between thirty and forty-five degrees, and the said lateral direction of projection should be towards the left of the vehicle, as shown in theV drawings, or towards the side of the road to the left of the direction of travel, where, like in the United States, it is the rule for `approaching traiiic to pass on the left side; but when it is the rule that approaching traffic must pass on the right side, as is the case in some countries, then of course the said direction of lateral projection should be towards the right. Y

As a matter of actual practice, it might be that the forward face of said combined reflector and bulb screen could be a. curving surface, and, as beforestated, this element may be supported within the headlight, appropriately positioned asraforesaid, in any However, I find that a flat blank or planetary vane is eminently satisfactory both from the viewpoints of functioning and manufacturing, and accordingly I shall now describe such a planetary vane and one simple means for mounting the same, although not the only form of supporting means, but it will be understood that I do not necessarily limit the invention to these precise details.

The numeral l2 designates such a -planetary vane embodying a `flat blank having both front and rear reflecting surfaces. It may be made of thin metal, such as stamping brass, having its front and rear faces silvered to provide highly polished or mirrorlike refiecting surfaces. The outer corners of this vane may preferably be beveled, as shown, for reasons hereinafter appearing. The inner edge portion 13 thereof is shown as fixedly attached to or crimped over a depending portion of a bracket arm 14 that is upwardly and forwardly projected from a split clamping collar 15, adapted to encompass its respective lamp bulb socket melliber 10, and having the usual spaced ears 16 and binding screw 17 therefor. Obviously, if desired, the bracket arm 14; might be supplemented by an analogous lower bracket arm, for more rigidly supporting the vane `12. `Also, it is obvious that` if desired, the clamping collar 15 mightbe substituted for by equivalent `attaching means, such as suitably turned or bent'loop-like continuations of the bracket arm.

In applied relation, as xedly supported Levaaee by the aforesaid means from a relative one of the lamp socket members 1U, or by any other suitable means, and as seen .more clearly from Figure 2, it will be observed that the inner edge portion 13 of the vane 12 is vertically positioned in close proximity to or substantially tangential of the central front surface of its electric lamp bulb 11 and with Vthe body portion of the vane extending forwardly and laterally of one side thereof, as directed towards the farside only of the road and as rigidly disposed in a vertical plane, approximately from and at anA appro. priate aforesaid angle to the major axis of shield or mask as interposed between said lamp bulb and the eyes of said person.

-In addition to said dimming action,rhow ever, which in a way may be said to be secondary to my main object, when a vehicle that 1s equipped with my improvements, conveniently termed the first vehicle, is advancing towards another :vehicle having bright lights and approaching from the oppositev direction, conveniently termed the second vehicle, the said vanes 12xalso function as masks o r obscur-ing shields for the lamp bulbs of said first vehicle relatively to the bright lights ofsaid second vehicle, and intense light rays from the headlights of said second vehicle, striking the front faces of said vanes 12, will be reflected from the said front faces in a forward and lateral direction ahead of said first vehicle, thereby augmenting the illumination of the road ahead of said first vehicle by means of the reflected light rays from the headlights of said second vehicle. Hence, the aforesaid lou heretofore temporarily darkened period is eliminatedand the near side of the road, relatively to and ahead of said first vehicle, is maintained illuminated at all times across to and beyond that edge of the road, somewhat aft-er the fashion of spotlight service but with more expansive illumination, so

that all objects and obstructions ahead are i at all times clearly discernible in outline,

as well as are ruts in the road, embankm'ents, gullies, ditches or other obstructions that might be dangerously located along that. side of the road.

The `vanes 12 need not vnecessarily be of dimensions as great as relatively illustrated in the drawings, and as a matter of personal practice I have found that vanes of the approximate dimensions of two and one-quarter inches deep and one and three-quarter inches wide will function very satisfactorily withl average fairly large headlights.

Itmay also be stated that the vanesdo not in fact actually reduce the normal illumination from the headlights to which they are applied, nory do lthey cause the throwing of shadows or spots on the road ahead, and this is the more so true where their rear faces are highly polished surfaces, cooperating with the main or parabola reflector, and where the outer corners of the vanes are beveled off as illustrated, which seems to permit the reflected light to escape more completely therearound.

Although I have thus fully set forth the improvements in accordance with my present preferences, it nevertheless will be understood that I do not wish to unnecessarily connemyself to all details exactly as disclosed, excepting as they may come within the terms or tenor of the ensuing claims, or equivalents thereof, or as fairly interpreted in the light of the specification if necessary. Vhat I do claim, asnew and patentable,

l. In a headlight arrangement for vehicles, the combination with a lamp chamber provided with a concave reflector and a lens closing the outer end of said chamber, of an electric light and its socket mounted in said chamber, a collar clamped on said socket provided with a forwardly and upwardly projecting arm, and a vertically disposed vane set at an angle to said arm andadapted to screen the rays from one side only of said lamp.

2. In a headlight arrangement for vehicles, the combination with a lamp chamber provided with a concave reflector and a lens closing the outer end of said chamber, of an electric light and its socket mounted in said chamber, a collar clamped on said socket, provided with a forwardly and upwardly projecting arm, vane having its outer corners cut away and its front and rear surface silvered, said vane being set at an angle to said arm 'and adapted to screen the rays from one slde only of said lamp..

3. A light screen attachment for use with electric headlight lamps for vehicles, comprising a collar adapted to be clamped on the electric light socket, an upwardly and forwardly projecting arm secured to said collar, said arm having its free end bent downwards, and a vane adjustably clamped in a vertical position to the'downwardly projecting portion of said arm, said vane having its outer corners cut away, and having its front and rear faces silvered.

In testimony whereof, I aiiix my'signature.

CLARK D. TURNER.

and a vertically disposed 

